Hydro-power and the wildlife damage it causes Essay

Hydro-power and the natural life harm it causes - Essay Example She suggests regardless of the positive advantages achieved by Hydro power, the earth endures a lot of its symptoms, strikingly, termination of some type of untamed life. With the development of Global warming, dams have gotten a ton of consideration in spite of the way that they produce immense amounts of power without truly consuming petroleum derivatives. In this specific circumstance, different inquiries have been raised concerning the ecological impacts of hydropower. Among them, Are dams carbon nonpartisan? What of the vitality utilized in the development of Dams and the repository that are made behind them (deforestation and disintegration). Strikingly, unlimited inquiries have been raised over the effect of Hydropower on the general condition and all the more especially, its effect on natural life. As rivals of hydropower demonstrate, it shows up as though enough proof has been found to dishonor Hydropower as a productive vitality source. Having that at the top of the priorit y list, the paper looks to talk about the negative ecological impacts presented by Hydropower so as to clarify on the devastation of natural life living spaces. In an examination by FWEE on arrangement of adjusted data for water as a sustainable power source asset in the North West, it is demonstrated that, some particular effects because of a hydroelectric force extends for the most part relies upon the accompanying factors (FWEE 1). Right off the bat, the size and the stream rate, besides, the climatic and natural surroundings conditions, thirdly, structure type and activity of the task. Moreover, the natural surroundings and climatic conditions just as, the task areas assume a noteworthy job. As far as the venture area, upstream or downstream area regularly comes in center. This obviously uncovers the elements engaged with hydropower ages influence different parts that are legitimately or in a roundabout way identified with its creation. McCully, in his article of huge Dams enorm ous difficulty, distributed by New internationalists, near 60% of the world’s biggest stream framework are for the most part divided by various dams and extensive water withdrawals for water system purposes. This suggests the gigantic fracture of and replumbing of the world biggest waterways has prompted an expanded loss of new water species. In such manner, near 33% of the world new water fish species have been accounted for as terminated, defenseless or imperiled. Furthermore, IEA Hydropower Agreement on Hydropower and nature: present setting and the rules for future Action, shows that development of the repository expanded the capacity water, in this manner covering riparian territories stream banks (23). Following these, immersion happens. An adjustment in the environment conditions prompts the rise of another harmony. While this is occurring, diverse arrangement of elements start to influence how species develop feed, generate and develop inside these districts. In spite of the fact that an ascent in water levels increment power creation, the riparian zone is influenced since a portion of the vegetation at first secured by water may never restore McCully further demonstrates that a critical yet obscure number of , creatures of land and water, shell fish, just as plants and winged creatures that rely upon Fresh water biological systems are nearly eradication or thusly, in danger (620). He further brings up it that Flooding from Dams can possibly disturb Wildlife

The Essay Experts LinkedIn Advice Covered by U.K. Career Blog!

The Essay Experts LinkedIn Advice Covered by U.K. Vocation Blog! Last Sunday I was met by Luca Rosi, Editorial Manager at Hays, a main worldwide expert selecting bunch situated in the U.K., for his profession blog, Keeping on top of things. I responded to 13 inquiries and Mr. Rosi distributed 12 of them in two blog articles on December 1 and 2: How to compose a KILLER LinkedIn profile 1 and How to compose a KILLER LinkedIn profile 2. In the event that you’re inquisitive to peruse my responses to the inquiries beneath, if it's not too much trouble visit Luca’s blog. You may likewise like his latest passage on the best way to have an effect at a meeting! Step by step instructions to compose a KILLER LinkedIn profile 1 Has the job of the customary CV currently decreased given the heavenly ascent of LinkedIn? Is it as straightforward as transferring my CV and sprinkling a couple of watchwords to make my profile search well disposed? What’s the greatest error experts make with their LinkedIn profiles? What three things would i be able to do today to manufacture my own online image? Do I truly require 500+connections? What would i be able to do to support my numbers? On the off chance that I’m jobless, would it be advisable for me to uncover this in my feature for instance? Step by step instructions to compose a KILLER LinkedIn profile 2 Okay prescribe that I move up to a top notch record to support my odds of getting a new line of work? What’s the convention for proposals? Most likely I shouldn’t need to inquire Aside from joining gatherings (the QA segment is no more), by what other method would i be able to show my mastery? How consistently would it be a good idea for me to be sharing updates and do they all need to be identified with my industry? Would it be a good idea for me to utilize a greater amount of accomplice applications, for example, Slideshare? Lastly, what’s the best bit of vocation exhortation that anybody has given you? What befell the thirteenth inquiry and answer? Here it is: The normal age of a LinkedIn client is 41. Is this the stage for graduates or first middlemen? BB: Some of those 41-year-olds are selection representatives and employing administrators. So completely! Additionally some new highlights on LinkedIn are all the more explicitly intended for more youthful employment searchers. Are there questions you need me to reply? If it's not too much trouble post them in the remarks!

What to Wear to a College Interview TKG

What to Wear to a College Interview There’s a lot to think (and stress) about when it comes to preparing for a college interview, but your outfit doesn’t have to be one of them. At the end of the day, the interviewer is not there to judge your outfit. They just want to get to know you a little better and put a face to the application.We suggest wearing your version of your Sunday best. Think something that you would wear to church, synagogue, or a semi-formal family event. Everyone has a different idea of what their best self looks like, but the most important thing is that you’re comfortable with what you’re wearing. There is no right answer.  One of our students was preparing for an interview and wanted to paint her nails blue, but her parents weren’t cool with the idea. They thought it made her look like a “non-serious” student and advised her against it. Most parents suggest wearing something washed out (read: boring) but we’re here to give you permission to wear the blue nail polish. Or whatever y our version of the blue nail polish is. Read: please be your authentic self when it comes to your interview outfit. Bright blue nail polish might not be everyone’s textbook definition of “Sunday Best,” but we think you should wear whatever makes you feel like your authentic self. If you’re a girl and you want to wear pants, wear pants. If you’re most comfortable in jeans, that’s okay too. Why? Because you need to feel confident when you walk through those interview doors. Don’t wear that itchy sweater your grandmother thinks will look nice. Don’t wear uncomfortable shoes. If you’re fidgety and pulling at your outfit throughout the entire interview, it’ll be the only thing you think about during the interview. And that’s not good.  Use your best judgment. Don’t show up looking like you just binge watched four seasons of How I Met Your Mother, but also don’t show up looking your great aunt. Your interviewer knows that you’re ~17 years old, so they aren’t expecting you to look like you’re interviewing at a bank. Please don’t wear a suit unless you casually wear suits.At the end of the day, your candidacy for any given school is not dependent upon what you wore to the interview.  Need help? Call us.

Judaism, Christianity, And Islam - 1679 Words

Completely Different but Surprisingly Similar Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all three different religions that many may not think can even be compared. At a glance, the religions are derived from different locations, the members of the religions look and act different, and some of the widely known practices are what make the religions so distinct. However, they are more similar than most people think. In the core of the three religions, many of their beliefs and practices show to be extremely similar, if not the same. While they do have many similarities, there are also many differences that set these religions apart from each other which make them unique. To fully understand where these similarities and differences come from,†¦show more content†¦Judaism values prayer and have a daily routine to do so. Practicing Judaism also comes with the celebration of holidays and festivals. Some of these are Rosh Hashanah (the Jewish new year), Yom Kippur, Sukkot, Pesach, and Sh avout. The entering into Judaism begins at birth when on the eighth day of life male babies are circumcised. Girls don’t have any type of circumcision but they do attend the covenant of life ceremony. Another major tradition in Judaism is the Bar/Bat Mitzvah ritual which celebrates the maturity of children when they turn 13. Judaism focuses on being close with God but they also believe that humanity is able to make moral progress. â€Å"Christianity...began life as a splinter movement within Judaism† (Brodd 351). Some members of the Jewish community believed that Jesus of Nazareth was the Messiah, or Christ, which then formed the entirely separate religion of Christianity. To Christians, Jesus is the son of the virgin Mary. His conception fulfilled the prophecy and God’s promise to Abraham. Jesus’s death was for the sins of all humanity; acceptance of Jesus allows one to live an eternal life in the heavens. Christianity emphasizes that every human being s ins and that they do not have the ability to rise above sin. For this reason, they need salvation from its power over them. They rely on God’s divine grace and love to all human beings, regardless of their sins, that salvation from sin becomes possible.Show MoreRelatedJudaism, Christianity, And Islam992 Words   |  4 PagesJudaism, Christianity and Islam are three of the most recognized monotheistic religions worldwide. These religions are often referred to as the Abrahamic religions because of their history to the founding father, Abraham. Judaism, Christianity and Islam are closely related with varying differences. Christianity was born from within the Jewish tradition, and Islam developed from both Christianity and Judaism. We take a look at some of the major similarities and major differences of these widely practicedRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, and Islam1538 Words   |  6 PagesJudaism, Christianity and Islam Christianity and Islam are the most influential religions in the world. Judaism has only fourteen million followers across the continents which makes Judaism the 12th largest religion. Although Judaism is not as large as Christianity and Islam, It still has an impact on the world. Prophet Abraham is the called in Islam the father of all prophets and because of that, sometimes Christianity, Islam and Judaism are called Abrahamic Religions. There are many known differencesRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1052 Words   |  5 PagesAubrey Fletcher 3/9/15 Humanities Professor Michaud 417868 Judaism, Christianity, and Islam There are roughly 4,200 different religions in the world today, among them the largest are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. These three religions are more similar then one would think. Christianity is the largest religion in the world with 2 billion followers and are called Christians. Islam is the second largest religion in the world with 1.3 billion followers. They are called Muslims, which means â€Å"oneRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam875 Words   |  4 Pageshave believed in a higher power or powers. Christianity, Islam and Judaism, the three most dominant religions are no different. They are all Monotheistic meaning they believe in one sole higher power or God. Though they share this common idea and many other similarity, they have many distinct features of their own that make them different as a whole. Many past religions have believed in the idea of multiple gods, Polytheism. Judaism, Christianity and Islam believe in one Supreme creator, MonotheismRead MoreChristianity, Islam, And Judaism1636 Words   |  7 PagesChristianity, Islam, and Judaism All three religions believe and worship the same God but they do it in different ways. Judaism happens to be the oldest religion today but they don’t have an official creed. They aim to teach you about God, the Messiah, human beings, and the universe which makes Jewish beliefs very important to them. But it is important to understand that being Jewish is more of a race and culture than it is a religion. Some Jewish people may have no interest in Judaism. Judaism hasRead MoreChristianity, Islam, And Judaism Essay1967 Words   |  8 PagesChristianity, Islam, and Judaism represent the three most influential religions in the world throughout history. Judaism is, however, not as widespread as both Islam and Christianity, but it still has a profound impact in the world. Judaism, Islam, and Christianity are also known as the Abrahamic religions because their history is traced to the ancient individual, Abraham who is first referred to in the Hebrew Bible. There are many similaritie s as well as some differences between these religionsRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam902 Words   |  4 Pagesmost famous three religions -People of the book- are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Judaism is the oldest organized religion in the world; however, it only has 14 million followers around the world most of them centered in North America and Israel. Christianity, came after Judaism and have two billion believers around the world, and that’s about one third of the world population. Finally, Islam came after Judaism and Christianity. Even though Islam came afterwards, it spread quickly around the worldRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1016 Words   |  5 Pagesthat keeps many people going in life but at the same time, the same reason our world has so many problems and has been torn apart. Through studying the main tenets in call, Judaism, Christianity and Islam were analyzed for weeks. Christianity and Islam take the cake for the two biggest religion s in today’s population however, Judaism plays the smallest role. These three religions, although different, are easily able to be compared and contrasted because of all of the history and information we have attainedRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1087 Words   |  5 PagesJudaism, Christianity, and Islam are among the best known and most widely practiced religions today, and have had enormous cultural, ideological, and historical impact on the peoples of every continent. Arguably more so than any other ideological systems, Abrahamic religion has been among the most influential forces in human history. The shared elements of their traditions have allowed them to develop in part through a multi-faceted dialogue with each other. These faiths, despite sharing a commonRead MoreJudaism, Christianity And Islam995 Words   |  4 Pageshistory, different cultures and religions have created ways for the mourners to cope with the tragedy of losing a loved one. In this paper , I will be comparing the advantages offered by religious traditions for the mourners, focusing on Judaism, Christianity and Islam. In addition, I will be contrasting them with the benefits offered by our modern secular funeral services. To start, Judaism’s priorities are on community and on law. Therefore, Jewish traditions regarding procedures after the death of

The Probability of Rolling a Yahtzee

Yahtzee is a dice game involving a combination of chance and strategy. A player begins their turn by rolling five dice. After this roll, the player may decide to re-roll any number of the dice. At most, there are a total of three rolls for each turn. Following these three rolls, the result of the dice is entered onto a score sheet. This score sheet contains different categories, such as a full house or large straight.  Each of the categories is satisfied with different combinations of dice. The most difficult category to fill-in is that of a Yahtzee. A Yahtzee occurs when a player rolls five of the same number. Just how unlikely is a Yahtzee? This is a problem that is much more complicated than finding probabilities for two or even three dice. The main reason is that there are many ways to obtain five matching dice during three rolls. We can calculate the probability of rolling a Yahtzee by using the combinatorics formula for combinations, and by breaking the problem into several mutually exclusive cases. One Roll The easiest case to consider is obtaining a Yahtzee immediately on the first roll. We will first look at the probability of rolling a particular Yahtzee of five twos, and then easily extend this to the probability of any Yahtzee. The probability of rolling a two is 1/6, and the outcome of each die is independent of the rest. Thus the probability of rolling five twos is (1/6) x (1/6) x (1/6) x (1/6) x (1/6) 1/7776. The probability of rolling five of a kind of any other number is also 1/7776. Since there are a total of six different numbers on a die, we multiply the above probability by 6. This means that the probability of a Yahtzee on the first roll is 6 x 1/7776 1/1296 0.08 percent. Two Rolls If we roll anything other than five of a kind of the first roll, we will have to re-roll some of our dice to try to get a Yahtzee. Suppose that our first roll has four of a kind. we would re-roll the one die that doesn’t match and then get a Yahtzee on this second roll. The probability of rolling a total of five twos in this way is found as follows: On the first roll, we have four twos. Since there is a probability 1/6 of rolling a two, and 5/6 of not rolling a two, we multiply (1/6) x (1/6) x (1/6) x (1/6) x (5/6) 5/7776.Any of the five dice rolled could be the non-two. We use our combination formula for C(5, 1) 5 to count how many ways we can roll four twos and something that is not a two.We multiply and see that the probability of rolling exactly four twos on the first roll is 25/7776.On the second roll, we need to calculate the probability of rolling one two. This is 1/6. Thus the probability of rolling a Yahtzee of twos in the above way is (25/7776) x (1/6) 25/46656. To find the probability of rolling any Yahtzee in this way is found by multiplying the above probability by 6 because there are six different numbers on a die. This gives a probability of 6 x 25/46656 0.32 percent. But this is not the only way to roll a Yahtzee with two rolls. All of the following probabilities are found in much the same way as above: We could roll three of a kind, and then two dice that match on our second roll. The probability of this is 6 x C(5 ,3) x (25/7776) x (1/36) 0.54 percent.We could roll a matching pair, and on our second roll three dice that match. The probability of this is 6 x C(5, 2) x (100/7776) x (1/216) 0.36 percent.We could roll five different dice, save one die from our first roll, then roll four dice that match on the second roll. The probability of this is (6!/7776) x (1/1296) 0.01 percent. The above cases are mutually exclusive. This means that to calculate the probability of rolling a Yahtzee in two rolls, we add the above probabilities together and we have is approximately 1.23 percent. Three Rolls For the most complicated situation yet, we will now examine the case where we use all three of our rolls to obtain a Yahtzee. We could do this in several ways and must account for all of them. The probabilities of these possibilities are calculated below: The probability of rolling four of a kind, then nothing, then matching the last die on the last roll is 6 x C(5, 4) x (5/7776) x (5/6) x (1/6) 0.27 percent.The probability of rolling three of a kind, then nothing, then matching with the correct pair on the last roll is 6 x C(5, 3) x (25/7776) x (25/36) x (1/36) 0.37 percent.The probability of rolling a matching pair, then nothing, then matching with the correct three of a kind on the third roll is 6 x C(5, 2) x (100/7776) x (125/216) x (1/216) 0.21 percent.The probability of rolling a single die, then nothing matching this, then matching with the correct four of a kind on the third roll is (6!/7776) x (625/1296) x (1/1296) 0.003 percent.The probability of rolling three of a kind, matching an additional die on the next roll, followed by matching the fifth die on the third roll is 6 x C(5, 3) x (25/7776) x C(2, 1) x (5/36) x (1/6) 0.89 percent.The probability of rolling a pair, matching an additional pair on the next roll, followe d by matching the fifth die on the third roll is 6 x C(5, 2) x (100/7776) x C(3, 2) x (5/216) x (1/6) 0.89 percent.The probability of rolling a pair, matching an additional die on the next roll, followed by matching the last two dice on the third roll is 6 x C(5, 2) x (100/7776) x C(3, 1) x (25/216) x (1/36) 0.74 percent.The probability of rolling one of a kind, another die to match it on the second roll, and then a three of a kind on the third roll is (6!/7776) x C(4, 1) x (100/1296) x (1/216) 0.01 percent.The probability of rolling one of a kind, a three of a kind to match on the second roll, followed by a match on the third roll is (6!/7776) x C(4, 3) x (5/1296) x (1/6) 0.02 percent.The probability of rolling one of a kind, a pair to match it on the second roll, and then another pair to match on the third roll is (6!/7776) x C(4, 2) x (25/1296) x (1/36) 0.03 percent. We add all of the above probabilities together to determine the probability of rolling a Yahtzee in three rolls of the dice. This probability is 3.43 percent. Total Probability The probability of a Yahtzee in one roll is 0.08 percent, the probability of a Yahtzee in two rolls is 1.23 percent and the probability of a Yahtzee in three rolls is 3.43 percent. Since each of these are mutually exclusive, we add the probabilities together. This means that the probability of obtaining a Yahtzee in a given turn is approximately 4.74 percent. To put this into perspective, since 1/21 is approximately 4.74 percent, by chance alone a player should expect a Yahtzee once every 21 turns. In practice, it may take longer as an initial pair may be discarded to roll for something else, such as a straight.

Political Disaffection And Araby The Case Study Of Qu ...

Political Disaffection and Postcolonialism in Contemporary France The Case Study of Qu’Allah bà ©nisse la France In his ‘Prisons et Asiles dans le Mà ©canisme du Pouvoir (1974) M.Foucault offers a key insight into the methodology of his own work: â€Å"I would like my books to be a kind of tool-box which others can rummage through to find a tool which they can use however they wish in their own area... I would like the little volume that I want to write on disciplinary systems to be useful to an educator, a warden, a magistrate, a conscientious objector. I don t write for an audience, I write for users, not readers†. In this essay, I aim at carrying out a parallel operation by deploying two critical theory terms, postcolonialism and marxism, so as to shed light on the cultural production Qu’Allah bà ©nisse la France (2014). In a nutshell, this film, itself an adaptation of the autobiographical book Qu Allah bà ©nisse La France (Abd Al Malik) revolves around the introspective and creative journey of Rà ©gis, a gifted young black born to immigrants and brought up by his Catholic mum alongside two brothers in the city of Strasbourg. The film opens in black and white, like all fairy tales: Once upon a time†¦Then it leads us through the devastating poverty, unemployment, wrath and racism suffered in the Neuhof suburbs of the city of Strasbourg. Here, Rà ©gis will rise through the vicissitudes of delinquency (petty crime), rap and Islam to

Effective Commication in the Criminal Justice Field free essay sample

Effective is communication to help us better understand people and situations. It helps us resolve differences, respect and trust others, show affection and help create ideas. Communication often seems simple but in some situations and conversations some things get misunderstood. The misunderstanding can be caused by verbal and nonverbal communication. This sometimes causes friction and conflict in personal and professional relationships. By understanding effective communication skills, you can better connect with your spouse, kids, friends, and coworkers. Two types of communication is verbal and nonverbal. When people talk about things the care about, they normally use nonverbal communication. Body language and gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, and how a person reacts to another person are all examples of nonverbal communication. Understanding and the use of nonverbal communication can help connect with other clearing, express how you really feel and build a better relationship at work and home. Verbal communication is the main way of communicating. We will write a custom essay sample on Effective Commication in the Criminal Justice Field or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some of the key components are words, sound, speaking and language. While using verbal communication in a conversation or discussion there is a person who is listening. There is a big difference between listening to someone and hearing someone. Hearing is the ability to hear a sound by detecting vibration in sound using your ear. Listening is when a person actively listens and pays attention to the speaker and can provide feedback. For example you can hear someone speaking but are not listening and cannot provide feedback. Formal channels of communication are within the â€Å"chain of command† in the criminal justice field. The chain of command gives directions using the formal channels of upward, downward, and horizontal communication through the levels of command. (Sinclair, 2010) The organization’s order forms procedures related to communication within the levels of command. The hierarchy sets the structure and atmosphere through written policies and procedures. Informal channels of communication includes a real popular form which is called the â€Å"grapevine†. Employees at any level in the criminal justice field have a habit of sharing information either  overheard or received with coworkers. The ineffectiveness with this channel is that sometime the information isn’t repeated correctly after it was received. The information is usually changed and different to the original information. Informal communication can work effectively as well. Using this type of communication in the workplace can build bonds and kinship amongst employees. One major barrier to effective communication includes semantics, that is, the understanding each person affected by the communication has of certain words and phrases. In every profession there are terms and expressions that hold meaning; the criminal justice organization is no different. Whereas certain words and phrases hold meaning for the mass of officers, those same words and phrases may hold a different meaning for others. This can cause problems when speaking with the public or even within the organization if words are not carefully chosen (Wallace Roberson, 2009). Another barrier to communication involves the ability to listen. For example an adult in a seminar with a boring speaker can lead to make listening difficult. Even when a person knows that the speaker has important information to present, if the speaker is dull or uninteresting, then listening becomes a major task. Active listening and feedback are two of the best strategies for overcoming the difficulties in communicating. Developing active listening skills, a person can understand better what is being said and through feedback a person can determine if it was communicated correctly. Never before has the need for law enforcement officers to develop good listening skills coupled with strategies for understanding been greater. The boom period of the 1990s when prison populations exploded and Parole and Probation programs were downsized is over and many offenders are returning to the streets without strict oversight programs. This has created a void in social structures related to these former offenders and that void is increasingly being placed on the shoulders of street-level law enforcement officers (Smith, 2003). Hence, there is a greater need for these officers to develop skills not needed in the past.

Effects of a Prenatal Yoga Programme on the Discomforts of Pregnancy and Maternal Childbirth Self-Efficacy in Taiwanâ„¢, Midwifery Essay Example

Effects of a Prenatal Yoga Programme on the Discomforts of Pregnancy and Maternal Childbirth Self-Efficacy in Taiwanâ„ ¢, Midwifery Essay Sun, Y.C. Hung, Y.C. Chang, Y. and Kuo, S.C. (2009) Effects of a Prenatal Yoga Programme on the Discomforts of Pregnancy and Maternal Childbirth Self-Efficacy in Taiwanâ„ ¢, Midwifery. [Online] DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2009.01.005 (Assessed: 9 April 2010) In this 21st century, people are more educated and are more aware on products they are using or services that are provided. When they purchase a product, they will demand for evidence which proves the effectiveness of the item. Not only that, people are more health concern, they will consume food that are proved to benefit the body, for example, oranges are proved to eliminate flu and etc. As we can see, we live in a world flooded with evidence. As compared to many years before, nurses practice through experience, tradition, culture or patientsâ„ ¢ need and yet they value the clinical experience, patientâ„ ¢s experience, local culture as evidence (Rycroft-Malone et.al., 2004). As today, we are being instilled on evidence-based practice. Even that, nurses must be clear of the basis of practice despite knowing that the practice is not evidence-based to provide a sensible care to the patients (Zeitz McCutcheon, 2003) We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of a Prenatal Yoga Programme on the Discomforts of Pregnancy and Maternal Childbirth Self-Efficacy in Taiwanâ„ ¢, Midwifery specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of a Prenatal Yoga Programme on the Discomforts of Pregnancy and Maternal Childbirth Self-Efficacy in Taiwanâ„ ¢, Midwifery specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of a Prenatal Yoga Programme on the Discomforts of Pregnancy and Maternal Childbirth Self-Efficacy in Taiwanâ„ ¢, Midwifery specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In health care, many of our practices are evidence-based. The policies and procedures, medications and treatment, included nursing care are practiced base on the evidence shown. By practicing evidence-based practice, we need to search for the best evidence available from research done recently (Sackett et.al., 1996) and evidence-based practice should not be argue and should not be any disagreement as the practice is proved (Goding Edwards, 2002). Once we practice with evidence, we can surely observe the outcomes from patients as in the piece of research. However, Scudder (2006) states that it is difficult to practice based on evidence as patients in this modern world would prefer to make their own treatment methods which might not have evidence to prove the effectiveness. When we evaluate our own practice, are all of the practices that we are following still the safest or still the most effective way in promoting health and preventing diseases This is in doubt. As health care personnel, it is important to keep ourselves updated with latest evidence-based practice to improve our care to patients. In order to do that, the most effective way is to search for research articles to compare and evaluate the findings. Hence, we can improve or initiate new practices based on the research done. Nurses have to take the lead in initiate new practices and to perform effective leadership to improve nursing care. The top management of an organization should take the lead to transform research knowledge into real practice and change the culture of the hospital (Stetler, 2003). There are five steps leading healthcare workers to evidence-based practice, we must be able to question what practice is good, nurses must be able to structure the information provided and critically appraise the information found also nurses be able to search for research articles and evaluate critically, then to implement the new practices (Cleary-Holdforth Leufer, 2008). However, in selecting research articles, we need to critically analyse the validity and reliability of the researchers and the research process before adapting the practice. Nurses should not follow blindly with orders and policies that are being set except that nurses need to critically analyse the strength and weakness of current practice, policies and procedures and theories that we have learn (Timmins, 2006). At times, we notice that some research has insufficient data to conclude the results and some has no definite findings (Aveyard Sharp, 2009). It is a good practice that nurses form a group in a ward to seek for better practices and discuss new policies which is supported by evidence. With this practice, it will not only build up leadership in every staff and also will improve the standard of care in the ward. I am a Staff Midwife working in a 10 bedded delivery suite in a private hospital in Malaysia as well as a part time pregnancy yoga instructor. I have a great interest in womenâ„ ¢s health and promoting healthy pregnancy. Most of the pregnant mothers in Malaysia prefer to stay home and refuse to perform any form of exercise throughout their pregnancy. They think it is a taboo for pregnant women to be active as this will cause miscarriage or preterm labour. Moreover, there are limited exercise can be done during pregnancy and most of the pregnant ladies in Malaysia are not exposed to information regarding exercise during pregnancy. Hence, they are afraid to exercise without guidance as well as support from health care workers and this is supported by the research of Duncombe et.al. (2009) shows that majority of the pregnant women thinks that exercise specially designed for pregnant mothers are the safest and they are more willing to learn those exercise. During pregnancy, yoga is one of the safest exercises to stay healthy and fit. On top of that, yoga relieves stress and promotes relaxation to eliminate mood swings. When the pregnant mother has pain or other discomfort during pregnancy, it will encourage mood disorders (Beddoe et.al., 2009). This is supported by the research of Furlow et.al. (2008) and Beddoe et.al. (2009) said that yoga is widely practice in pregnant mothers in obstetrics and gynaecology condition as well as meditation and it is one of the top choices of physicians in providing alternative care to the patients in the United States. With yoga practices, most of the mothers are able to cope with stress and have a healthier body as there is a link between our mind and body, when our mind is relaxes and calm, our body will follows; hence reduces stress not only in our mind and also in our body. By practicing yoga postures, chanting om, breathing exercise and yoga nidra (deep relaxation) will improve physical stre ngth and flexibility, improve self-awareness and also calm the body and mind (Chuntharapat et.al., 2008). In addition to that, when the level of stress hormones in the motherâ„ ¢s body is high, it will affect the health of the mother and the baby (Tiran Chummun, 2004). Wadsworth (2007) noted that exercises can relief minor discomfort and have lower incident of gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, preterm labour and etc. Pregnancy is a natural process and it is not a type of disease. Hence, many doctors or midwives do not prescribe medications to pregnant mothers if there are no medical conditions such as diabetes or hypertension and etc. because by consuming unnecessary medications will cause complications not only to the mother and also to the baby. Tiran Chummun (2004) commented that the use of drugs must be prevented in making sure that the side effects of the drugs will not affect the fetusâ„ ¢ wellbeing. For this reason, complementary therapies such as yoga, meditation, relaxation, reflexology and etc are the recommended techniques to promote healthy pregnancy. Thus, as a midwife and a certified pregnancy yoga instructor; I would like to discover some information from research regarding exercises during pregnancy and the effectiveness in practicing yoga during pregnancy. With this information, I would like to promote pregnancy yoga including relaxtion in my practice area especially in antenatal classes that are conducted in the hospital in order to maximize the health of pregnant mothers. Tiran Chummun (2004) and Satyapriya et.al. (2009) agreed that promoting relaxation in antenatal class helps mothers stay in more relaxed state when they preparing for labour. This piece of research that I have chosen is from a journal named Midwifery and it is published by Elsevier, the leading publisher of science and health. Midwifery is a journal that publishes all information regarding midwifery to enhance the knowledge, skills and attitudes of all midwives. Hence, this is a reliable source for the research article that I have chosen. This research article is regarding the outcome and the experience of pregnant mothers in terms of minor discomforts and the outcome of handling the labour process after the practice of yoga. As stated clearly in the title of this research, the words used attract readers and readers are be able to form an outline on what is the focus of this research from the title. However, as this is a quantitative research, the title should emphasize on the population of pregnant mothers was benefitted on the yoga programme as the format of a quantitative research focus much on the quantity or frequency of the study (Aveyard et.al., 2009). There are four researchers in this research study. They come from different field of work, including nursing division, midwifery, social culture and welfare, and an instructor for exercise and health science. This mixture of different discipline can enhance the flow of the research as they have different opinion and experience irrespective of nursing point of view, social culture or in the view of exercise. With this, the research can only proceed with a correct direction and then the study objective can be met. There is an abstract for this research article. The objective of the research, the design, place, participants, intervention, measurements, conclusions and implications are clearly identified. Readers can have a clear outline regarding this piece of research article by studying the information in the abstract of this paper. Yoga has been proving to relieve tension and improve health in practitioners and to promote relaxation, improves flexibility and relieves some minor discomfort, for example, backache and cramps etc. has shown in the wide range of the primacy source of literature reviews by the researchers ranging from the year 1991 till year 2008 included a research conducted in India regarding yoga on pregnancy outcome was clearly been evaluated. The aim of the researchers is to find out the incidence of minor discomforts occur during pregnancy and the self efficacy in labour and by practicing yoga during antenatal period by seeing that there are no studies conducted regarding this subject in Taiwan. The aim and objectives are clearly identified in the introduction of this piece of research article which leads the readers into the research findings. This is a qualitative research using a non-randomised controlled experimental study, the researchers chose participants who had antenatal checks and decided to deliver in the study hospital. The researchers used statistical power analysis to calculate the sample size which was around 41 participants per group. The sampling process conducted in the antenatal clinic in an urban hospital in Taiwan. There are few inclusion and exclusion criteria while choosing the participants. The inclusion criteria includes primigravida 18 years old at the 26-28 gestational weeks with a singleton pregnancy who are be able to listens and speaks in Chinese and has no experience in practicing yoga before, besides that, she had not been exercising for at least a year. The exclusion criteria includes pregnant mother who experienced premature labour or used epidural anaesthesia as the form of pain relieve and caesarean section is the delivery method. The researchers select the participants for control group from January to March 2004 while the participants in experimental group from April to June 2004. After the fine selection, the total of 96 participants was allocated into 2 groups â€Å" the control group consists of 45 participants and the experimental group consists of 51 participants. After the allocation of the participants, a double-blind procedure is used to avoid bias during the selection procedure to ensure that the researchers will not select the desire samples. Along this sampling process, participants were provided a written and informed consent in maintaining the confidentiality of democratic data and questionnaires during this research process. Researchers are advice to consider ethical issues in research to prevent discomforts in participants; hence, the findings are more authentic (Robson, 2007). According to Guillemin Gillam (2004) reflexivity in research not only helps researchers to reflect on the research process and construct the whole research and also to maintain the ethics in the research. Both the control group and the experimental group received the standard obstetric care and usual antenatal information including information on yoga practice in pregnancy. But only the experimental group receive a yoga programme which prepared by professionals. Throughout the research study, 2 participants from control group and 6 participants from experimental group was removed by the researchers due to various reasons such as unable to contact participant while follow up procedure; participants had preterm labour during the research period and etc. Therefore, only 43 participants in the control group and 45 participants in the experimental group participate in this research study. With total number of 88 participants is not a good sample size to conclude the research findings. There is only small percentage of urban pregnant ladies in Taiwan being studied which unable to conclude the results for most pregnant women in Taiwan which has different culture background and educatio n level in the rural area. There is no power calculation done to ensure the reliability of the sample size. Power calculation is very important in determining sample size. if the sample size is too big, researchers will waste their time and resources to conclude the data which normally will have minimal gain; whereas if the sample size is too small, the reliability of the findings to determine the research questions is suspicious (Hill Lewicki, 2007). This yoga programme in experimental group was evaluated by 5 experts using the context validity index (CVI) to ensure the content validity. The CVI is a measurement measured by content experts for a particular tool used in a research is appropriate in collecting data and conducting the research to ensure the objective of the research is met (Polit Beck, 2006). As stated in the research article, the CVI of this yoga programme was 0.96 which is a good validity. Participants were given a 10-pages booklet and a 30-minutes videotape yoga workout to practice at home and the researchers will make phone calls to all participants every week in the first 2 weeks then every 2 weeks till delivery. The researcher learnt the yoga exercise from a yoga instructor after which the researcher will teach the participants by following the videotape which consists of 9 exercise and meditation. Participants were asked to practice at home for an hour at least 3 times a week for 12 to 14 weeks. Noneth eless, Yoga is an art to improve health; it is best practice from the pregnancy yoga instructors. Participants might interpret the information wrongly by practicing from the videotape. Injuries could happen when there is no guidance during the practice. Although follow up phone calls was made, the compliances to the practice were unknown. In the study of Chuntharapat et.al., (2008), noted that the participants who can fulfill the research process are mostly housewife who can practice consistently in the yoga center in Thailand. Participants might have inconsistency in practice which will affect the research findings. For these reasons, it is best to have participants to attend yoga classes 3 times a week for 12-14 weeks instead of videotape practice. There are 2 methods used by the researchers. They are the discomforts of pregnancy questionnairesâ„ ¢ and childbirth self-efficacy inventoryâ„ ¢ (CBSEI). The discomforts of pregnancy questionnaires consists of 20 questions that reviewed by antenatal experts. Each question in this questionnaire was scored by five-point scale. The scale was composed as very severe (5 points) to none (1 point). The higher the score for this questionnaire indicates that the more discomfort of pregnancy occurs. As indicated by the researchers of this research article, the CVI value for this questionnaire was 0.92 shows that the questionnaires have a fine validity. CBSEI was the diagnostic tool to assess the self efficacy in pregnant mothers during labour. There are 4 measurements needed to conclude the results for CBSEI. The self-efficacy expectancy during active phase of labour; the outcome expectancy during labour; the self-efficacy expectancy during second stage of labour and the outcome expectancy during second stage of labour. It is measured by a 10-point likert scale. In self efficacy expectancy scale, 10 points indicates very sure to 1 point indicates not at all sure. Whist in outcome expectancy scale, 10 points indicates very helpful to 1 point indicates not at all helpful. Before the questionnaires was distributed and before videotape with booklet was hand out to participants, pilot tests was conducted to make sure that participants understand the video content and the booklet also be able to practice the yoga exercises alone at home. Pilot test allow researchers to test the public before the real data collection and to make amendment on any uncertainties (Robson, 2007). Three sets of data collection were done. Demographic information and discomforts of pregnancy questionnaires was collected during 26 weeks to 28 weeks for pre test, this procedure was carry out when the researchers distribute and explain the consent once the participants agreed to participate in this research. The 2nd time of data collection for discomforts of pregnancy questionnaires was during 38-40 weeks gestation (post test) before delivery. The third data collection was during active phase of labour (when the participant having a contraction in 3 to 5 minutes) that participants were asked to complete the CBSEI along with another CBSEI data was collected 1 to 4 hours after second stage of labour. Data was evaluated by researchers after collection. All data ware analyse using Mann-Whitney U-test. The researchers used a statistical package in assisting them to get an accurate result. It is important for the researchers to know and be familiar with the statistical test to analyse the data collected. Robson (2007) thinks that the researchers must seek help if they are not an expert in using the statistical test in order to interpret results accurately. A research cannot contribute evidence to guide clinical practice if the findings of the research are not accurate, biased or fail to accurately represent the experiences of the experimental group, for example, the scale given to evaluate the discomfort of pregnant women must be clear and understandable to participants so that the participants answer accurately. The findings of this research presented clearly by the researchers. The differences between control group and experimental group clearly stated. The p values of this research are less than 0.5. This shows that the reliability of this research is high. Besides that, the questionnaires and the methods used were evaluated by experts. Hence, the reliability, validity and trustworthy of this research was maintain. However the analytical process was not clearly identified. From the research findings, there are no significant differences in birth weight of baby in control group and in experimental group. The findings for pregnancy discomfort in control group were increase during the post test compare to pre test; whereas in experimental group, there is not much difference in pregnancy discomfort. Participants from experimental group had increase in self efficacy in childbirth. In addition to this, there are extra findings regarding physical responses after each yoga session such as chances of pregnant women experience contractions while practicing yoga and feelings of pregnant women after the yoga programme in experimental group. Most of the participants have no contractions during the practice of yoga, but experience sweating and slight panting after practice. However, most of the participants felt yoga ease discomforts in pregnancy and meets their needs by practicing yoga. The limitations of this research are clearly stated. For example, the sample size is small, it is unable to conclude the population in Taiwan and the participants are primigravidas also a further research needs to be done on multigravida mothers too. Furthermore, the timing of data collection for CBSEI is varies between participants; for instance that some participants need longer time to have a close contractions while the other do not; Some participants fill up the CBSEI 1 hour after delivery while the others complete the CBSEI at 4 hours after delivery. This will cause some difference in the findings as the timing was not fixed. From this research, it shows the benefits of practicing yoga during antenatal in helping pregnant ladies to cope with stress, relieves discomforts during antenatal and also increases the coping mechanism during labour through the practice of breathing exercise and relaxation techniques. As a midwife and a yoga instructor, I have witness some cases which the mother had learned yoga during antenatal and have a positive outcome in coping labour contractions. As in a study done by Chuntharapat et.al. (2008), the result shows by practicing yoga or three times a week for 30 minutes a day will decrease discomfort during pregnancy, decrease pain during labor and shorten the labor process due to the enhancement of coping mechanism. As in Malaysia, most of the women do not exercise during pregnancy. From this assignment, I would like to propose to the hospital management to encourage yoga programme as one of the programme in antenatal class to build awareness in pregnant mothers and the public in this country, bringing from good care of the hospital to excellent care! However, the hospital that I am practicing is a catholic hospital, most of the Muslims and Catholics in my country do not practice yoga as their perception on yoga is a religious practice and it is related to meditation. Hence, to respect different religions in a multiracial country, I would like to look for more evidence on this matter to clarify the uncertainties, so that the Muslims women and Catholics women can also beneficial on this programme. In order to implement new practices, a clear vision, a good leadership and sufficient evidences are needed to help change the culture of practice. Hockenberry et. al. (2008) noted that if there is no incorporation of the hospital environment, there will be no significant changes in practice. On top of that, audit on current practices is important to ensure the quality in current practice; audit need to be done to encourage quality improvement. When an organization need to change a practice, evidences are needed to encourage change and audit is to decide which evidence to follow will benefit the patients most as well as to monitor the staff compliances to the new practices. Audit need to make sure that the hospital staff are trained and accreditated by experts before commencing new practices to guarantee safe practice. Research, audit and quality improvement work hand in hand to provide quality care to patients (Hill Small, 2006). In conclusion, as a healthcare worker, we are encouraged to update our knowledge constantly not only by reading evidence based research and also to analyse the content critically whether it is valid and reliable before turning it to the new practice in our practice area and it is supported by Haynes et. al. (2002), he thinks that there is no purpose of an excellent research done but there is nobody to implement the research findings into practice. In line with this, nurses must be able to evaluate the strength of the research findings before implementing in order to provide a safe evidence based practice to patients (Nolan Bradley, 2008). Reference Aveyard, H. and Sharp, P. (2009) A Beginnerâ„ ¢s Guide to Evidence Based Practice in Health and Social Care Professions. Maidenhead: Open University Press. Beddoe, A.E. Yang, C.H.P. Kennedy, H.P. Weiss, S.J. and Lee, K.A. (2009) The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Yoga during Pregnancy on Maternal Psychological and Physical Distressâ„ ¢, Journal of Obstetric, gynecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 38, pp.310-319. Chuntharapat, S. Petpichetchian, W. and Hatthakit, U. (2008) Yoga during Pregnancy: Effects on Maternal Comfort, Labor pain and Birth Outcomesâ„ ¢, Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practiceâ„ ¢, 14, pp.105-115. Cleary-Holdforth, J. and Leufer, T. (2008) Essential Elements in Developing Evidence-Based Practiceâ„ ¢, Nursing Standard, 23(2), pp.42-46. Duncombe, D. Wertheim, E.H. Skouteris, H. Paxton, S.J. and Kelly, L. (2009) Factors Related to Exercise over the Course of Pregnancy including Womenâ„ ¢s Beliefs about the Safety of exercise during Pregnancyâ„ ¢, Midwifery, 25, pp. 430-438. Furlow, M.L. Patel, D.A. Sen, A. and Liu, J.R. (2008) Physician and Patient Attitudes towards Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecologyâ„ ¢, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 8(35). [Online] doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-8-35 (Assessed: 9 April 2010) Goding, L. and Edwards, K. (2002) Evidence-Based Practiceâ„ ¢, Nurse Researcher, 9(4), pp. 45-57. Guillemin, M. and Gillam, L. (2004) Ethics, Reflexivity, and Ethically Important Moments in Researchâ„ ¢, Qualitative Inquiry, 10(2), pp.261-280. Haynes, R.B. Deveraux, P.J. and Guyatt, G.H. (2002) Physiciansâ„ ¢ and Patientsâ„ ¢ Choices in Evidence Based Practiceâ„ ¢, British Medical journal, 324, pp.1350. [Online] doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7350.1350 (Assessed: 20 April 2010) Hill, T. and Lewicki, P. (2007) Statistics Methods and Applications. Tulsa: Statsoft. Hill, S.L. and Small, N. (2006) Differentiating between Research, Audit and Quality Improvement: Governance Implicationsâ„ ¢, Clinical Governance: An International Journal, 11(2), pp.98-107. Hockenberry, M. Walaen, M. Brown, T. and Barrera, P. (2008) Creating an Evidence-Based Practice Environment: One Hospitalâ„ ¢s journey, Journal of Trauma Nursing, 15(3), pp.136-144. Nolan, P. and Bradley, E. (2008) Evidence-Based Practice: Implications and Concernsâ„ ¢, Journal of Nursing Management, pp. 388-393. Polit, D.F. and Beck, C.T. (2006) The Content Validity Index: Are You Sure You Know Whatâ„ ¢s Being Reported Critique and recommendationsâ„ ¢, Research in Nursing Health, 29, pp.489-497. Redman, B.K. (2003) Measurement Tools in Patient Education 2nd Edition. 2nd edn. Broadway: Springer Publishing Company. Robson, C. (2007) How to Do a Research Project: a Guide for Undergraduate Students. Cambridge: Blackwell Publishing. Rycroft-Malone, J. Harvey, G. Seers, K. Kitson, A. McCormack, B. and Titchen, A. (2004) An Exploration of the Factors that Influence the Implementation of Evidence into Practiceâ„ ¢, Journal of Clinical Nursing, 13, pp.913-924. Sackett, D.L. Rosenberg, W.M.C. Gray, J.A.M. Haynes, R.B. and Richardson, W.S. (1996) Evidence Based Medicine: What It Isnâ„ ¢tâ„ ¢, British Medical Journal, 312(1), pp. 71-72. Satyapriya, M. Nagendra, H.R. Nagarathna, R. and Padmalatha, V. (2009) Effect of Integrated Yoga on Stress and Heart Rate Variability in Pregnant Womenâ„ ¢, International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetricsâ„ ¢, 104, pp.218-222. Scudder, L. (2006) Using Evidence-Based Informationâ„ ¢, The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, March, pp. 180-185. Settler, C.B. (2003) Role of the Organization in Translating Research Into Evidence-Based Practiceâ„ ¢, Outcomes Management, 7(3), pp.97-103. Timmins, F. (2006) Critical practice in Nursing Care: Analysis, Action and Reflexivityâ„ ¢, Nursing Standard, 20(39), pp.49-54. Tiran, D. and Chummun, H. (2004) Complementary Therapies to Reduce Physiological Stress in Pregnancyâ„ ¢, Complementary Therapies in Nursing Midwifery, 10, pp. 162-167. Wadsworth, P. (2007) The Benefits of Exercise in Pregnancyâ„ ¢, The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, May, pp.333-338. Zeitz, K. and McCutcheon, H. (2003) Evidence-Based Practice: To Be or Not To Be, This is the Question!â„ ¢, International journal of Nursing Practice, 9, pp.272-279.

Blood Diamonds Essay Example

Blood Diamonds Essay Example Blood Diamonds Essay Blood Diamonds Essay The consequence in the deceases of more than 50 thousand people. left 1000000s homeless. and incorporate force such as mass colzas and mutilations were caused from these gems net incomes which helped to subsidise a war. It was besides stated that these blood diamonds increase the conflict in Africa which resulted to the loss of four million lives and 1000000s of occupants has been dislocated. Lapp of what happened at Sierra Leone which had disagreement ; these conflict diamonds yet in small ways can do monolithic devastation in a state. In the despicable civil war at Sierra Leone. the lifting up evolutionary United Front apprehended control to a great extent of the nation’s diamond Fieldss. The issue sing blood diamonds did non happen merely long-ago. There was a study late by the United State that 23 dollars of diamonds are being smuggled into international diamond markets which are from the Ivory Coast. Diamonds have besides played an of import function in funding struggles in Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Fortified sadism and barbarous human rights maltreatments go on with over control of diamond mines in eastern Congo which was the bloodiest war since World War II. The Global Witness in 1998 had to get down a disclosure operation about the function of diamonds in fiscal support statement. Amnesty International a labor human rights organisation in the universe became so influential in edifying citizens refering the job and urges the authoritiess and industry to take action. International tenseness has augmented from a big federation of Non Government Officials through the old ages. United States is the 70 per centum of the world’s diamond bargainer and this lone means that it was the taking costumier of diamonds. With this ground. they should be the first and major caput to cover on the job of blood diamonds which besides called struggle diamonds. On the manner difficult works for the United States Congress to command the trading of blood diamonds. Terrorist operation are possible funded by the international trade of diamonds and with this. the United States Congress Members obtains tactics to set a halt to it. Diamonds are expensive goods that can easy be covered and transported harmonizing to the U. S. General Accounting Office and was used in illegal agencies of trading. It was extracted from unaccessible countries which no intimation to happen from its beginning. Government-run Kimberley Process which is an international understanding endorsed by the United Nation which aimed and developed a diamond enfranchisement plan that would forestall the flow of blood diamond and initiated halt to its trade was soon participate United States together with other states. The chain of warranties or the system of ego ordinance. was the understanding wherein the diamond companies will take charge to guard itself in despatching diamonds from its topographic point to the shops where it should be delivered. This became there support to the Kimberley Process. However this understanding I non to the full applied to the industries because it is a must for a company covering in diamonds to hold a class of action in topographic point to vouch that their diamonds are conflict-free. Actual visit of the authorities in the diamond industries should be practiced for more confidence of liberating from struggles and behavior cyclic country verification to diamond companies to do certain they have strategies in topographic point to avoid any trade in struggle diamonds. Several of the states rich in diamonds are those truly hapless and citizens do non acquire any benefit from their resources peculiarly the dirt profusion. Confusions and explosive natures are widespread in the diamond Fieldss because radical group’s antiterrorists can still prehend benefit and right to utilize the diamonds. Given all the jobs refering the struggle diamonds the United States authorities should take a expression in implementing the diamond jurisprudence and necessitate all parts to construct up a dependable diamond industry. The pattern for tracking agreement in each of the diamond companies will be helpful to do certain to forestall the entryway in the market of struggle diamonds. Additional force should be given off by the Administration for the execution of Clean Diamond Trade Act ( CDTA ) in hindering the operation to conflict diamonds as they support the Kimberley Process. Nowadays. blood diamonds are still a serious quandary. Experientially the authorities action in commanding the finance struggle in diamonds are non that powerful and functional to guarantee that the Rebel groups. terrorist and other condemnable webs will non any longer make usage of it. This continual failing of the Control System found by the Government Accountability Office of United States was because of the paltry imposing of Clean Diamond Trade Act. The demands for development in supervising procedure in the diamond industries in line with the jurisprudence and roll uping precise information on United States trade in unsmooth diamonds. Bing the taking consumer of diamonds. the United States should take a firm stand on beef uping the Clean Diamond Trade Act and the Kimberley Process. Suggested measure that will be the best aid turn toing on the job will be: working with other cardinal disposal to reenforce the Kimberley Process and interrupt down on blood diamonds smuggled out of the Ivory Coast. In add-on guarantee that the Kimberley Process taking on processs to develop the accurateness and probe of the information. call for hallmark of production conformance. endow with satisfactory funding to promote effectual completion of the system. They should besides supply more forceful support every bit good as proficient and fiscal assistance. to assist states develop their achievement of the Kimberley Process. The on clip application of the proposals of Government Accountability Office including the topographic point cheques of diamond companies and tracking of unsmooth diamonds inside and outside the state particularly the end puting in put to deathing the proposal will be a great aid in deciding the jobs. Having custodies on pressing traffics to come on the truth of United States rough diamond trade statistics will besides be a aid. Mentions: Battling Conflict Diamonds. Retrieved August 18. 2007. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. globalwitness. org/pages/en/conflict_diamonds. html Conflict Diamonds. Retrieved August 18. 2007. World Wide Web. amnestyusa. org/news/doc/diamonds_survey_text. pdf US Congress Tackles Blood Diamonds’ Trade. Retrieved August 18. 2007. World Wide Web. voanews. com/english/archive/2002-02/a-2002-02-14-2-US. cfm Conflict Diamonds. Retrieved August 18. 2007. World Wide Web. un. org/peace/africa/Diamond. hypertext markup language Stop the Trade in Blood Diamonds. Retrieved August 18. 2007. worldvision. org/worldvision/†¦ /stable/globalissues_conflictdiamonds

Nokia Finacial problems and its possible solutions Essay

Nokia Finacial problems and its possible solutions - Essay Example In 1994, Nokia Tune was launched, which gave new technology to the cell phone industry. In 1994, the company introduced the world’s first satellite phone technology and made the first call using this technology. In 1997, the game Snake was put onto a cell phone for the first time. This was one of the first phones to feature a video game, which was a significant development at the time. In 1998, Nokia took over as the worldwide leader in cell phone sales. This is a significant feat because it was originally such a small company from such a small country. Furthering the technology that it had produced, Nokia brought out N-Gage, which is a multiplayer mobile gaming unit. In 2005, the billionth Nokia phone was sold, while global mobile phone subscriptions passed the two billion mark. Currently, the President and CEO of the company is Olli-Pekka Kallasvuo, while Jorma Ollila remains the Chairman of the Board. Currently, Nokia has taken a bit of a hit on its public relations side. Troubles with the networks equipment division of the company made it necessary for it to streamline that division. This led to layoffs and organizational restructuring, which hurt the company’s image in Finland, leading to a number of court cases against the company and even a documentary television show that portrays the company in a negative manner. Despite this, however, the company has grown a phenomenal amount since its beginning and also since its move into the cell phone business. On June 19, 2006, Nokia announced that it and Siements AG would merge their mobile and LAN line phone networks in order to create one of the world’s largest networks. Under this agreement, each company would have a 50% share of the new company, which would have its head office in Helsinki, Finland and would be called Nokia Siemens Networks. This new company expect annual sales to reach â‚ ¬16 billion and

Sports Nutrition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sports Nutrition - Essay Example The sports enhancing drugs helps the athletes to enhance physically, increase their body mass, improve strength, aggressiveness, and endurance. These improve performance and helps athletes to recover quickly from injuries. These sports enhancing drugs lead to negative physical side effects, which cause serious medical issues. They may result in men losing their hair, acne, reduced sex drive, sterility, heart diseases and cancer while in ladies growth of facial hair and deepening of the voice experienced. Therefore, in as much as they lead to gaining of the edge in competitiveness, they may affect the athlete’s overall health and other long-term effects including addictiveness (Shore, 2008). As a result of the above, I can never recommend such supplements to an athlete. Anabolic steroids have synthetic molecules; its source is the natural hormone testosterone. Testosterone influences the building effects on the human body including muscle mass and strength, growing of facial hair and deepening of the voice. These drugs have been banned, but athletes still use them secretly, and this is why an anti doping test was introduced to discover those who have used them. Performance enhancing drugs may lead to off-field trouble and injury including unusual anger, which could lead to suspension (Shore, 2008). Androstenedione is a steroid hormone that increases production of testosterone and estradiol in both men and women, and adrenal glands, ovaries and testes produce it. It allows athletes to train harder, increase energy, keep the red blood cells and enhances recovery, but its use as a performance-enhancing drug is illegal because it is among the controlled substances and a banned substance by the National Collegiate Athletic association. A scientific research shows that they are converted to estrogen they do not increase testosterone, and it does not strengthen the user’s muscles. In men, it causes acne, reduced sperm production, shrinking of the testicles and

Human Motivation Essay Example for Free

Human Motivation Essay

Modern Labyrinth Essays -- Literacy Analysis

Film is a form of storytelling, and all stories are, in essence recycled, contemporary films must modernize a story of the past to make it accessible to modern audiences. This is the case with the film, Pan’s Labyrinth. The myth of â€Å"Theseus and the Minotaur† has been rewritten and modernized in the 2006 film, Pan’s Labyrinth. The myth â€Å"Theseus and the Minotaur† and the morals that exist within it, present a context in which it will be possible to interpret and analyze the film Pan’s Labyrinth as a modern day rewriting of the myth. In order to understand how Pan’s Labyrinth has been rewritten, it is important to first understand the original myth of â€Å"Theseus and the Minotaur†. According to Edith Hamilton’s Mythology, the story of Theseus and his quest to slay the Minotaur begins long before Theseus’s birth. â€Å"Minos, the powerful ruler of Crete, had lost his only son†¦while the young man was visiting the Athenian King† (Hamilton 211). In order to seek revenge, Minos invaded Athens and â€Å"declared that he would raze it to the ground unless every nine years the people sent him a tribute of seven maidens and seven youths† (Hamilton 212). When the victims reached Crete, they would be sacrificed to a beast that was â€Å"half bull, half human†, known as the Minotaur (Hamilton 212). The Minotaur was housed in a labyrinth where â€Å"escape was impossible† (Hamilton 212). â€Å"To this place, the young Athenians were each time taken and left to t he Minotaur† (Hamilton 212). This ritual continued until one year, Theseus, son of the Athenian king and heir to throne, offered to be one of the victims. Unbeknownst to the people, Theseus had every intention of slaying the beast. â€Å"When the young victims arrived in Crete they were paraded before the inhabitants o... ...ce to bravely and defiantly act against authority rather than blindly remain obedient. This film shows the power of innocence over evil and the triumph of imagination over colorless servitude just as the original tale of Theseus and the Minotaur, but with a darker new interpretation. Works Cited Filmtracks Modern Soundtrack Reviews. (2007, January 05). Retrieved May 04, 2012, from http://www.filmtracks.com/titles/pans_labyrinth.html Goodykoontz, B., & Jacobs, C. P. (2011). Film: From Watching to Seeing. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. https://content.ashford.edu Hamilton, Edith. Mythology. 1942. N.p.: Back Bay Books, 1998. Print VC. (2010, September 23). The Vigilant Citizen. Retrieved May 05, 2012, from The Esoteric Interpretation of Pan's Labyrinth: http://vigilantcitizen.com/moviesandtv/the-esoteric-interprentation-of-pans-labyrinth/

How I Learned to Drive Analysis Essay

In Paula Vogel’s â€Å"How I Learned to Drive†, we follow our protagonist nicknamed â€Å"Lil Bit† on a gut wrenching, and downright disturbing journey through her adolescence, told as a series of narrations, monologues, and flashbacks with the occasional interjection of a PSA like voice over. The play recounts the physical and emotional abuse Lil Bit encountered from the ages of eleven to eighteen at the hands of her uncle Peck, while he teaches her to drive. The main flaw I saw in Lil Bit was that she is too smart for her own good. You see this characteristic throughout the play as she manipulates Peck. For example, it was most obvious for me when their roles of adult and child are reversed, and Peck is explaining to Lil Bit what a good boy he has been for not drinking. Knowing how much Peck lusts after her she offers him a reward for his good behavior in the form of undoing her bra. Another great example is when prior to her and peck going on a road trip and Lil Bit’s mother indicates that she has a sense of what Peck has on his mind, she responds by saying â€Å"I can take care of myself. And I can certainly handle uncle Peck.† At this point in the story she is only eleven. It’s hard to imagine a child of that age so grown up emotionally. Overall, most of the characters had likeable qualities, with the exception of the grandmother. I didn’t really like the way she meddled in the Parenting of Lil Bit. I liked â€Å"Big Papa† the best. He’s a crabby old timer who speaks anything that comes into his head with reckless abandon. It brought me some levity in an otherwise melancholy play. The climax of the play occurs on Lil Bit’s eighteenth birthday. She and Peck are in a hotel room, and she’s been ignoring peck for some time leading up to this meeting as he’s been sending her cards counting down to her birthday. Lil Bit is obviously conflicted about their relationship now that she has gotten older, but Peck is looking forward to a time when it’s not illegal for them to be together. This is creepy enough on its own, but when Peck drops the marriage bomb, the creep factor skyrockets. I was honestly disgusted at the idea of a man leaving his wife to be with his niece whom he  has known since birth, blood related or not. Prior to the climax, one major event occurs and that is in the monologue that Aunt Mary delivers indicating that she knows what’s going on between Peck and Lil bit. The words used during this monologue, indicate to me a couple of key points about this character. First of all she is very intelligent. Her thoughts are well put together and the words she uses indicates to me that she has some sort of education. She is also very intuitive, she picks up on the subtle, non-verbal signals that peck gives off when he’s got something on his mind and presumably when he’s around Lil Bit. Also, the words used by Lil Bit in her different flashbacks have a direct correlation to her age. It’s obvious as you read them, that during the later ones she is forming more complex thoughts and emotions, which is indicative of growth. For the music in this play, Paula Vogel suggested period correct music spanning two generations. She mentions Motown several times, as well as Roy Orbison and the Beach Boys. Most of this music is romantic and happy with little hints of sexuality and sometimes-pedophilic references. For some weird reason the voice of the announcer in my head was played by the Moviephone guy. The car in the play was described as a Buick Riviera, but in my mind it was more like a Camaro or GTO. The main reason for this is the obvious relationship between Peck and his car. The way he describes the way the aggressive way men are taught to drive and the feeling of a cars’ response to your touch, just makes me think of those fast nimble sports cars. Taking place in the 1960’s, the costumes in my mind were bell-bottoms and flowered shirts, polyester leisure suits, and fringes all over the place. This was your typical 1960’s attire. I believe the overall theme of this play is about the effect of time on relationships. The relationship between Peck and Lil Bit starts out strong, for her and fragile for him. She has a strong male figure giving her attention while he is nurturing a relationship that he knows is illegal and  immoral. As time progresses, the roles ultimately reverse leaving Peck with much confidence in the relationship while Lil Bit comes to realize the truth about it which leads to its demise. It just goes to show that time will always change relationships, jus not always in the way you imagined.

The Brezhnev Doctrine

The Brezhnev Doctrine was a Soviet foreign policy outlined in 1968 which called for the use of Warsaw Pact (but Russian-dominated) troops to intervene in any Eastern Bloc nation which was seen to compromise communist rule and Soviet domination. It could be doing this either by trying to leave the Soviet sphere of influence or even moderate its policies rather than stay in the small parameters allowed to them by Russia. The Doctrine was seen clearly in the Soviet crushing of the Prague Spring movement in Czechoslovakia which caused it to be first outlined. Origins of the Brezhnev Doctrine When the forces of Stalin and the Soviet Union fought Nazi Germany west across the European continent, the Soviets did not liberate the countries, like Poland, which were in the way; they conquered them. After the war, the Soviet Union made sure these nations had states who would largely do what they were told by Russia, and the Soviets created the Warsaw Pact, a military alliance between these nations, to counter NATO. Berlin had a wall across it, other areas had no less subtle instruments of control, and the Cold War set two halves of the world against each other (there was a small non-aligned movement). However, the satellites states began to evolve as the forties, fifties and sixties passed by, with a new generation taking control, with new ideas and often less interest in the Soviet empire. Slowly, the Eastern Bloc began to go in different directions, and for a brief time it looked like these nations would assert, if not independence, then a different character. The Prague Spring Russia, crucially, did not approve of this  and worked to stop it. The Brezhnev Doctrine is the moment Soviet policy went from verbal to outright physical threats, the moment the USSR said it would invade anyone who stepped out of its line. It came during Czechoslovakias Prague Spring, a moment when (relative) freedom was in the air, if only briefly. Brezhnev described his response in a speech outlining the Brezhnev Doctrine: ...each Communist party is responsible not only to its own people, but also to all the socialist countries, to the entire Communist movement. Whoever forgets this, in stressing only the independence of the Communist party, becomes one ­ sided. He deviates from his international duty...Discharging their internationalist duty toward the fraternal peoples of Czechoslovakia and defending their own socialist gains, the U.S.S.R. and the other socialist states had to act decisively and they did act against the anti-socialist forces in Czechoslovakia. Aftermath The term was used by the Western media and not by Brezhnev or the USSR itself. The Prague Spring was neutralized, and the Eastern Bloc was under the explicit threat of Soviet attack, as opposed to the previous implicit one. As far as Cold War policies go, the Brezhnev Doctrine was entirely successful, keeping a lid on Eastern Bloc affairs until Russia gave in and ended the Cold War, at which point Eastern Europe rushed to assert itself once more.